Kinetic and Mechanistic Study of Selective Oxidation Reactions by SomeCr(VI) Complexes: A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54060/a2zjournals.jase.92Keywords:
Chromium(VI) complexes, oxidation, reaction kinetics, transition states, catalysis, green chemistry, organic synthesisAbstract
Chromium complexes of the hexavalent state are very effective and selective oxidizing agents broadly employed to oxidize many organic substrates with mild reaction conditions. This review provides basic information about the kinetics and mechanisms of selective oxidation reactions catalyzed by the various Cr(VI) complexes. Alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, phenols, amines, sulfides, and other functional group-containing molecules are the substrates covered. Some general experimental techniques used to estimate reaction rates, reaction order, isotope effects, and other kinetic parameters are discussed. Different methods, which again include DFT calculations and molecular dynamics simulations that provide information on transition states, intermediates, and reaction pathways, are also explored. Concerning the reactivity and selectivity of the process, the influence of the type of Cr(VI) complex, ligands employed, solvents, additives, and reaction conditions are described in detail. The trends in reactivity are analyzed in terms of electronic and steric factors of substrates. Possible mechanisms are outlined, along with the contemporary developments and the questions raised. In conclusion, current advancements in the use of Cr(VI)-mediated oxidation processes in organic synthesis, catalysis, and green chemistry are summarized with a focus on the future directions. This review aims to synthesize a mechanistic model for the different reactivities of Cr(VI) complexes and guide the future design of oxidation processes.
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